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Provisions For All Trusts

Include in all Trusts in which The Northern Trust Company of Delaware will serve as trustee.

Introduction

The following provisions should be included in each trust instrument under which The Northern Trust Company of Delaware will serve as Trustee. These provisions need not appear together or in the order in which they appear below.

Section 01

Trustee Compensation

[The Trustee shall be entitled to receive compensation for its services under this Trust Agreement in accordance with an agreement between the Trustee and the __________________.  In the absence of such an agreement,]  notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Agreement or otherwise applicable law or in equity, the Trustee shall be entitled, without notice to or consent by any beneficiary or court and without any disclosure otherwise required pursuant to 12 Del. C. § 3312(c) or otherwise applicable law, to receive compensation for its services under this Trust Agreement in accordance with its schedule of rates published from time to time and in effect at the time the compensation is paid, including minimum fees and additional compensation as stated in this Trust Agreement. Except as required by law, such compensation shall not be reduced by (i) any compensation received by the Trustee or its Affiliates for providing any of the additional services authorized in this Trust Agreement, or (ii) any compensation paid to any other fiduciary or non-fiduciary serving with respect to a Trust held hereunder. The Grantor recognizes that such Trustee compensation may exceed the compensation for such services in effect from time to time under the laws of the State of Delaware.

Section 02

Conflicts of Interest

Conflicts of interest may arise by virtue of the powers granted to the Trustee in this Trust Agreement.  The Trustee is therefore expressly exempted from the adverse operation of any rule of law that might otherwise apply to the Trustee in the performance of its fiduciary duties by reason of a conflict of interest.  Notwithstanding any duty otherwise existing hereunder or at law or in equity, the Trustee shall have no greater burden to justify its acts as a fiduciary by reason of a conflict of interest than it would have in the absence of any conflict.

Section 03

General Investment Provisions

Permissible Investments

The Trustee is authorized, directly or at the direction of the Investment Advisor, if one is serving, to invest in, retain or otherwise deal in any securities or other property, real or personal (within or without the United States), including without limitation: any security as defined by the Securities Act of 1933, any contract of sale of a commodity for future delivery within the meaning of the Commodity Exchange Act, shares or interests in any private investment fund, private equity or venture capital fund, hedge fund, common trust fund, joint venture, general or limited partnership, limited liability company, statutory or common law trust, real estate investment trust or an open-end (including any mutual fund or exchange traded fund) or closed-end management type investment company or unit investment trust, whether registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 or unregistered, any money market instrument, bank deposit account (including but not limited to savings, time, certificate of deposit and transaction accounts), precious metal, foreign exchange, structured product, insurance contract, options, options on futures and variable forward contracts, swaps, caps, collars and other derivative instruments of a financial nature.

Investment Fees

These investments are permitted notwithstanding the fact that the Trustee, investment manager or custodian, its respective parent or any Affiliate, provides services (whether as manager, issuer, underwriter, distributor, custodian, advisor, agent, or otherwise) with respect to any such investment and may receive compensation with respect to any such investment in addition to Trustee's compensation, so long as the total compensation received is reasonable. Neither the Trustee nor the Investment Advisor (if one is then serving) shall have any duty to make the disclosure described in 12 Del. C. § 3312(c) or, to the fullest extent permitted by law, pursuant to any other otherwise applicable law.

[OPTIONAL] No Diversification Required

Any diversification requirement under applicable law that would otherwise apply is expressly negated and shall not apply to the trust.

Section 04

Dealings with Affiliated Agents

Employment of Affiliates

The Trustee is authorized, without notice to or consent by any beneficiary or court and without any disclosure otherwise required pursuant to 12 Del. C. § 3312(c) or other applicable law, to:

a. Engage any Affiliate to act as agent of or render services to the Trust;

b. Delegate discretionary authority to any Affiliate; and

c. Pay customary fees and compensation to such Affiliate without reduction of any compensation paid to the Trustee.  To the extent permitted by local law, this provision is intended to be a specific override of any contrary provision of law prohibiting such additional fees or otherwise requiring either a reduction in the Trustee's compensation or investment advisory or other fees or commissions or an election between such compensation and such additional fees or commissions.

Specific Dealings with Affiliate

Subject to the Investment Advisor's direction with respect to any investment powers set forth below, the Trustee, and any Affiliate appointed by the Trustee, is hereby authorized:

a. To appoint one or more Affiliates to manage in its or their sole discretion the investment of all or any portion of the Trust's assets or to provide non-discretionary investment advice;

b. To appoint one or more Affiliates to act as custodian of all or any portion of the Trust's assets and, in connection with such appointment, to cause such assets to be held in any jurisdiction by or in the name of any nominee of the Trustee or an Affiliate;

c. To engage one or more Affiliates to provide trust administration or recordkeeping services for the Trust;

d. To use, engage or hire any Affiliates as broker, dealer, principal or agent in the purchase or sale of stocks, bonds or other securities or property for the account of the Trust;

e. To purchase from or sell to any Affiliate any stock, bonds or other securities or property and to engage in agency cross transactions with any Affiliate, in each case at such price and upon such terms as the Trustee and such Affiliate may deem advisable;

f. To invest any funds in the Trust in any stocks, bonds, or other securities or property, real or personal, or whatsoever kind or nature, which may be distributed, underwritten, managed or issued by or through an Affiliate, and from which an Affiliate may receive fees or other compensation including carried interest or other profit participation payments;

g. To make any investment or enter into any transaction which may directly or indirectly benefit any Affiliate or in which any Affiliate has an interest; and

h. To grant proxies to any Affiliate or to exercise any voting or consent rights pertaining to any securities or other property held in the Trust in a manner which may directly or indirectly benefit or advance the interests of any Affiliate.

Section 05

Governing Law and Situs1

Governing Law

This Trust Agreement and the trusts created hereunder shall be interpreted and construed under, and all matters pertaining to the validity and administration of this Trust Agreement and the trusts created hereunder shall be governed by, the laws of the State of Delaware[, including the exercise of any power of appointment granted under this Trust Agreement]. Any action or proceeding relating to this Trust Agreement or a trust created hereunder shall be brought and enforced in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware so long as the situs of administration of such trust remains in the State of Delaware.

Alternative: Governing Law

This Trust Agreement and the trusts created hereunder shall be interpreted and construed under, and all matters pertaining to the validity of this Trust Agreement and the trusts created hereunder shall be governed by, __________ law.  The administration of this Trust Agreement and the trusts created by this Trust Agreement shall be governed by Delaware law, and any action or proceeding relating to this Trust Agreement or a trust created hereunder shall be brought and enforced in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, so long as the situs of administration of such trust remains in the State of Delaware.  If at any time the situs of administration of such trust is not in the State of Delaware, the law of the jurisdiction in which the trust is being administered shall govern its administration.

Trust Situs

The situs of the trusts created hereunder shall be Delaware.  The Trustee shall have the power to remove all or part of the Trust property or to change the situs of administration of the Trust from one jurisdiction to another (including outside the United States) and to elect, by a separate acknowledged instrument filed with the Trust records, that the law of such other jurisdiction shall govern the administration of the Trust. The Trustee may rely upon the advice of counsel in taking any action pursuant to the authority granted to the Trustee under this Section.  The Trustee shall have no duty to monitor the laws of other possible jurisdictions to determine the most favorable situs or governing law for the Trust or whether or when to exercise the power granted under this Section.

Alternative (if directed trust): Trust Situs

At any time, the [Trust Protector/or other advisor] of any trust created hereunder may direct the Trustee of such trust to change the situs of such trust, by written instrument signed by the [Trust Protector/or other advisor] and delivered to the Trustee.  After receiving such written direction, the Trustee shall, by written instrument filed with the records of such trust, change the situs of such trust in accordance with such direction, and thereafter, unless stated otherwise in the written direction, the laws governing the administration of such trust shall be those of the new situs. In providing such written direction to the Trustee, the [Trust Protector/or other advisor] shall be deemed to certify to the Trustee that (i) such election to change the situs or the governing law of such trust does not violate any restriction on the exercise of the power granted to the [Trust Protector/or other advisor] to direct a change of situs, and (ii) the [Trust Protector/or other advisor] has considered and/or consulted with competent advisors regarding any potential federal and state tax consequences resulting from such change in situs or governing law of such trust.

1The trust instrument will need to specify that the governing law is Delaware and include a change of situs provision. The suggested language is preferred but approved alternative provisions may also be used.

Section 06

Perpetuities Savings Clause

The trusts created hereunder shall be perpetual to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law.  If any trust created hereunder is deemed to be subject to the law of a jurisdiction that has a rule against perpetuities or similar rule which limits the period during which property can be held in trust, then such trust (other than a trust created by the exercise of a power of appointment conferred hereunder which exercise commences a new rule against perpetuities period under the law of such jurisdiction) shall terminate in all events upon the expiration of the longest period that property may be held in trust under this Trust Agreement under the law of such jurisdiction (including any applicable period in gross, such as 21 years, 90 years or 110 years); provided, however, that if the jurisdiction has a rule against perpetuities or similar rule which applies only to certain types of property, such as real property, the provisions of this Section shall apply only to such property.  If under the law of such jurisdiction the longest period that property may be held in trust may be determined (or alternatively determined) with reference to the death of the last survivor of a group of individuals in being upon the date of this Trust Agreement, those individuals shall consist of _____________________.

Section 07

Waiver and Approval of Accounts

Court Accountings

The Trustee shall not be required to render annual or other periodic accounts to any court, whether or not such accounts would otherwise be required by statute. The Trustee has the right (i) to prepare an accounting in accordance with applicable court requirements and rules and (ii) to apply at any time to a court of competent jurisdiction (a) for judicial settlement of any account of the Trustee whether or not previously settled as provided in this Trust Agreement or (b) for instructions or the determination of any question of construction.  The costs and expenses relating to the preparation of any such accountings and of any such action, including but not limited to the compensation and expenses of accountants, attorneys and guardians, shall be an expense of the Trust, payable from principal or income, or both, as the Trustee shall in its sole discretion determine.  In any such action or proceeding it will be necessary to join as parties solely the Trustee and [the Grantor, or, if the Grantor is then deceased, the then living current permissible adult beneficiaries of the Trust]2 [the then living current permissible adult beneficiaries of the Trust] (although the Trustee may also join such other parties as the Trustee may deem appropriate), and any judgment or decree entered by the court will be conclusive and binding on all persons at any time interested in the Trust.

2This option may be appropriate in trust instruments which contain silent trust provisions, or in asset protection trusts.

Approval of Accounts

Within ninety (90) days of the removal or resignation of a Trustee, or otherwise no less frequently than annually, the removed Trustee, the resigning Trustee, or the Trustee, as applicable, shall provide the Trust's then living current beneficiaries (or, with respect to any minor or incapacitated beneficiary, such beneficiary's parent or legal guardian), or the Designated Representative, as may be applicable, with a written account of the Trust's transactions for the immediately preceding reporting period.  The periodic statements normally provided by banks or trust companies to the current beneficiaries shall satisfy this requirement.  Unless a person entitled to receive a written account hereunder asserts a written objection to a transaction disclosed in such account, which such objection is delivered to the removed Trustee, the resigning Trustee, or the Trustee, as applicable, within sixty (60) days after the mailing of such account, the account shall be deemed to be as conclusive and fully binding, and the removed Trustee, the resigning Trustee, or the Trustee rendering such account shall be fully relieved and discharged in all respects, as if the account had been approved in a judicial proceeding in which all persons interested in the Trust had appeared, either individually or by virtual representation, including under 12 Del. C. § 3547.   All costs and expenses of any such accounting shall be paid by the Trustee from principal or income, or both, of the Trust as the Trustee in its sole and absolute discretion determines.

Section 08

Defined Terms

As used in this Trust Agreement, the terms below shall have the following meanings.

  1. Advisor.  An “Advisor” shall mean any Investment Advisor or Distribution Advisor acting from time to time.
  2. Affiliate.  Any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity that is a subsidiary or affiliate of a Corporate Trustee serving hereunder and/or any individual who is a partner, director, member, manager, officer or employee of any such subsidiary or affiliate, is referred to individually and collectively in this Trust Agreement as the “Affiliate.”
  3. Corporate Trustee. The “Corporate Trustee” shall mean the financial institution, trust company, or other entity with fiduciary powers that is acting as a Trustee hereunder.
  4. Court with Primary Jurisdiction.  At all times that the situs of a Trust hereunder is Delaware, the court having primary jurisdiction over the Trust shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware.
  5. Current Beneficiary.  A current beneficiary of a Trust hereunder is a beneficiary of such trust who, at the time such determination is to be made, is then eligible to receive distributions of income or principal (whether discretionary or mandatory) from the Trust.
  6. Designated Representative.  A Designated Representative is a person acting in the fiduciary role as set forth in Section ___.
  7. Distribution Advisor. The Distribution Advisor is the person with certain distributive powers acting in a fiduciary capacity as set forth in Section ___.
  8. Investment Advisor.  The Investment Advisor is the person with certain investment powers acting in a fiduciary capacity as set forth in Section ___.
  9. Special Assets. "Special Assets" are (i) any assets so designated by the Investment  Advisor; and (ii) any other assets so designated by the Corporate Trustee, as to which the Corporate Trustee or any of its Affiliates determines at any time that it is or might be inappropriate or inadvisable for the Corporate Trustee to accept, have discretion over, dispose of or otherwise control or act with respect to, provided that no such designation shall be deemed to be an exercise of the Corporate Trustee's power, authority, control over or discretion with respect to such assets.
  10. Trust.  The term “Trust” shall include any trust created under this Trust Agreement.
  11. Trust Protector. The Trust Protector is the person with certain powers acting in a fiduciary capacity as set forth in Section ___.
  12. Willful Misconduct. "Willful misconduct" shall have the same meaning given to such term in 12 Del. C. § 3301(g), as proven by clear and convincing evidence in the court then having primary jurisdiction over the Trust.

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Notice and Disclaimer

Although the provisions in these materials are the product of much thought and effort, no sample provision is a substitute for informed legal judgment. The attorney must make an independent determination as to whether a particular provision herein is generally appropriate for a client and, further, how it must be modified to meet any special circumstances and objectives of the client. These provisions have been drafted based upon the application of Delaware law and no attempt has been made to confirm their general applicability or validity under the laws of other jurisdictions.

Northern Trust does not guarantee that the provisions in these materials effectively accomplish their purpose, and it assumes no responsibility for the provisions or for their use. By using any provision from these materials to draft a will or trust, the attorney acknowledges that the attorney (and not Northern Trust) is responsible for any document that the attorney prepares based on these materials.

Northern Trust will not necessarily update these materials at any time or from time to time.

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All Rights Reserved except that permission is granted to attorneys to use any part or all of the forms herein contained in the preparation of wills and trusts for clients.